Buffer and calibration solutions are used in chemical analysis and especially in instrumental analysis to improve the accuracy and precision of measurements.
A buffer solution is a solution that is used to keep the pH value of a sample constant. It consists of a weak acid and its corresponding base, which are mixed in a certain concentration to achieve a pH value that usually remains stable at room temperature. Buffer solutions are used to ensure that the pH of a sample remains unchanged during a measurement, which is important to achieve accurate and reproducible results. Buffer solutions are often used in water analysis to determine the pH of water samples.
A calibration solution is a solution used to check or adjust measuring devices such as pH meters, conductivity meters and many others. Calibration solutions consist of known concentrations of an analyte, such as a pH buffer or standard solution, which are used to calibrate the meter to a known scale. The use of calibration solutions ensures that meters make correct and accurate measurements by calibrating the measurement to a standardised scale.
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